Legal Internalism as a Mode of Reasoning
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-2025
Abstract
Despite the often-repeated claim that “we are all realists now,” legal reasoning remains rule-driven, conceptual, deductive, and heavily path-dependent. Indeed, this remains true notwithstanding recognition that adjudication involves law-making and that “judge-made” law is real. In this article, we argue that legal reasoning adheres to a phenomenon that is best described as “legal internalism,” which recognizes that doctrine and rules play three critical functions: “translation,” “saliencing,” and “normativization.” In this article, we show how legal internalism operates as a method of reasoning independent of both Legal Realism and Legal Formalism, recognizing an important role for rules, while at the same time accepting the need to balance reason with authority.
Disciplines
Jurisprudence | Law | Law and Philosophy
Recommended Citation
Shyamkrishna Balganesh & Taisu Zhang,
Legal Internalism as a Mode of Reasoning,
70
Am. J. Jurisprudence
149
(2025).
Available at:
https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship/4763